타임존 약어 사전
CST, IST, CET 등 타임존 약어의 의미와 이 약어들이 모호한 이유를 설명합니다.
Time zone abbreviations are informal shorthand, not identifiers: the same three letters can stand for zones eight or more hours apart, and half of them change with daylight saving time. Rows marked ambiguous share their letters with another zone in this list. When precision matters, use an IANA identifier (right column) or an explicit UTC offset.
Universal
| Abbr. | Meaning | UTC | Example IANA zone |
|---|---|---|---|
| UTC | Coordinated Universal Time | ±0 | UTC |
| GMT | Greenwich Mean Time | +0 | Europe/London (winter) |
North & South America
| Abbr. | Meaning | UTC | Example IANA zone |
|---|---|---|---|
| NST | Newfoundland Standard Time | −3:30 | America/St_Johns |
| AST ambiguous | Atlantic Standard Time | −4 | America/Halifax (winter) |
| EST | Eastern Standard Time | −5 | America/New_York (winter) |
| EDT | Eastern Daylight Time | −4 | America/New_York (summer) |
| CST ambiguous | Central Standard Time (North America) | −6 | America/Chicago (winter) |
| CDT | Central Daylight Time | −5 | America/Chicago (summer) |
| MST | Mountain Standard Time | −7 | America/Denver (winter), America/Phoenix (all year) |
| MDT | Mountain Daylight Time | −6 | America/Denver (summer) |
| PST | Pacific Standard Time | −8 | America/Los_Angeles (winter) |
| PDT | Pacific Daylight Time | −7 | America/Los_Angeles (summer) |
| AKST | Alaska Standard Time | −9 | America/Anchorage (winter) |
| HST | Hawaii Standard Time | −10 | Pacific/Honolulu |
| BRT | Brasília Time | −3 | America/Sao_Paulo |
| ART | Argentina Time | −3 | America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires |
| COT | Colombia Time | −5 | America/Bogota |
| PET | Peru Time | −5 | America/Lima |
Europe & Africa
| Abbr. | Meaning | UTC | Example IANA zone |
|---|---|---|---|
| WET | Western European Time | +0 | Europe/Lisbon (winter) |
| WEST | Western European Summer Time | +1 | Europe/Lisbon (summer) |
| BST ambiguous | British Summer Time | +1 | Europe/London (summer) |
| IST ambiguous | Irish Standard Time | +1 | Europe/Dublin (summer) |
| CET | Central European Time | +1 | Europe/Berlin (winter) |
| CEST | Central European Summer Time | +2 | Europe/Berlin (summer) |
| EET | Eastern European Time | +2 | Europe/Athens (winter) |
| EEST | Eastern European Summer Time | +3 | Europe/Athens (summer) |
| MSK | Moscow Time | +3 | Europe/Moscow |
| TRT | Turkey Time | +3 | Europe/Istanbul |
| WAT | West Africa Time | +1 | Africa/Lagos |
| CAT | Central Africa Time | +2 | Africa/Harare |
| SAST | South Africa Standard Time | +2 | Africa/Johannesburg |
| EAT | East Africa Time | +3 | Africa/Nairobi |
Middle East & Asia
| Abbr. | Meaning | UTC | Example IANA zone |
|---|---|---|---|
| AST ambiguous | Arabia Standard Time | +3 | Asia/Riyadh |
| GST | Gulf Standard Time | +4 | Asia/Dubai |
| IRST | Iran Standard Time | +3:30 | Asia/Tehran |
| PKT | Pakistan Standard Time | +5 | Asia/Karachi |
| IST ambiguous | India Standard Time | +5:30 | Asia/Kolkata |
| NPT | Nepal Time | +5:45 | Asia/Kathmandu |
| BST ambiguous | Bangladesh Standard Time | +6 | Asia/Dhaka |
| ICT | Indochina Time | +7 | Asia/Bangkok |
| WIB | Western Indonesia Time | +7 | Asia/Jakarta |
| CST ambiguous | China Standard Time | +8 | Asia/Shanghai |
| HKT | Hong Kong Time | +8 | Asia/Hong_Kong |
| SGT | Singapore Time | +8 | Asia/Singapore |
| JST | Japan Standard Time | +9 | Asia/Tokyo |
| KST | Korea Standard Time | +9 | Asia/Seoul |
| IST ambiguous | Israel Standard Time | +2 | Asia/Jerusalem (winter) |
Oceania
| Abbr. | Meaning | UTC | Example IANA zone |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWST | Australian Western Standard Time | +8 | Australia/Perth |
| ACST | Australian Central Standard Time | +9:30 | Australia/Darwin |
| AEST | Australian Eastern Standard Time | +10 | Australia/Sydney (winter) |
| AEDT | Australian Eastern Daylight Time | +11 | Australia/Sydney (summer) |
| NZST | New Zealand Standard Time | +12 | Pacific/Auckland (winter) |
| NZDT | New Zealand Daylight Time | +13 | Pacific/Auckland (summer) |
자주 묻는 질문
Why does CST mean three different things?
Abbreviations grew up locally and were never standardized globally. CST is used for Central Standard Time in North America (UTC−6), China Standard Time (UTC+8) and Cuba Standard Time (UTC−5). Only the context — or better, an IANA zone id — tells you which one is meant.
What should I use instead of abbreviations?
For anything machine-readable or international, use IANA identifiers such as America/Chicago or Asia/Shanghai, or state an explicit UTC offset together with the date. Calendar invitations handle this automatically when you pick a city rather than typing an abbreviation.
Do abbreviations change with daylight saving time?
Yes — that is half their purpose. New York switches between EST (UTC−5) and EDT (UTC−4); Berlin between CET (+1) and CEST (+2). A recurring “9:00 EST” meeting is therefore ambiguous in summer.